Why Takeoff Pitch Changes
P The initial lift off attitude at Vso is slightly higher than that required for Vy best rate of climb but is about right for Vx...Runway Incursions
P An incursion is when anything on the ground creates a collision hazard with an active runway area Human error is the primary cause These are...
Imminent Stalls
P The major difference between this stall segment and those proceeding is the quot;depth quot; of the stall In this procedure regardless of the configuration the...
Self-Doubt is Normal
P Every so often the instructor finds a student who is going through a phase of flying that is very disturbing to the student A student may...
Vertigo
P Beware of false sensations Your inner ear will give you feelings that are overpowering With low time under the hood you must avoid attempting to...
Thoughts on Thoughts
ul li Flying is not dangerous; crashing is dangerous BR li Flying is the perfect vocation for a man who wants to...
Cross-Country Planning
I REFERENCES: AC 61 21 AC 61 23 AC 61 84 Charts A FD AIM I BR ...
About Questions
P A friend was hauling a body from a remote location in Canada Only a caretaker was around the strip After considering the trees that lined...
IFR Rated Pilot
ul li 1 accident in 4 459 hours in IFR conditions BR li 1 accident in 61 900 hours in...
Airworthiness Directive
P B AD Compliance Record B P P Aircraft No: Make: Serial Number P ...
Retractables
1 One gear up landing occurs on average every day in the U S 5 of retractable accidents are gear up landings BR ...
Wire Strikes
li 1 accident in 20 is a wire strike BR li A wire strike will occur below 200 #39; AGL in VFR BR...
Coffee
Coffee causes dehydration 15 dehydration causes 40 decrease in flying coordination Water by volume X 1 5 is needed to replace ...
Engine Failure Accidents
ul li 22 of all accidents BR li 4 only partial failure BR li...
Command Authority
FAR 91 3: quot;The pilot in command of an aircraft is directly responsible for and is the final authority as to the operation ...
Landing Illusions
P You and every other pilot is susceptible to illusions When any of our three flight senses visual auditory and kinesthetic give erroneous information...
Calming Flying Anxiety
P Anxiety is generalized fear Your body prepares you to run fight or act to protect yourself Your heart and blood pressure rise blood...
Holding Patterns IFR
The shape of the holding pattern was based upon a requirement that older gyro instruments be allowed to settle down in a turn The...
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions
P Even the best instruction will not suffice if the student does not show good judgment The student must always be making a series of judgmental decisions...
Names And What
Bell decibel BR Morse code BR Doppler frequency change BR Mach speed of sound BR ...
Smoking
1 A smoker of 1 and 1 2 packs a day will ingest into his lungs a radiation level of 8000 millirem just from cigarettes ...
Operating Without a MEL (Minimum Equipment List)
P B Minimum Equipment List B P P Most older aircraft have been certified without a MEL but everything operational...
CFI Hours
I took my intro flight a few days ago and when I asked my prospective CFI how many hours he had he said over 600 hrs...
Illusions - Natural Illusions
P B Rain B BR Rain gives the illusion of being higher than you actually are Combined with haze you will fly...
The Cockpit
P Using the tape recorder I go over all the instruments and controls I pay particular attention to the markings and divisions on the dials their...
Music and Flying
I don #39;t know that anyone has ever equated music to flying by comparing the skills of a music master vs a student to the ...
The Risks of Flying
Most flying decisions are easy if the decision is based upon safety Being safe does not mean without risk Engine operations are safe but some 8 percent...
Non-IFR Pilot
ul li 1 accident in 12 186 hours in IFR conditions BR li 1 accident in 94 819 hours...
How We Got Pattern A and Pattern B
These patterns have been for many years a part of the Instrument Flying Handbook as among the first lessons in acquiring the aircraft control required for instrument flying ...
Aborted Takeoff
P once is enough BR It is all too common to have a seat slide back during initial takeoff acceleration For this reason the...
Trim Use
P Correct use of the trim requires that control pressures be applied to hold the desired flight attitude Then the trim is adjusted to relieve present control...
Introduction to Illusions
P What ever the illusion it will take a few moments for you to get reoriented If the illusion occurs in trimmed flight the problem is...
Getting the ATIS
P One of my readers asked that I expand of the following statement: quot;The student will benefit from getting the ATIS with the engine running at all...
Sleep
P The most common cause of diminished alertness and proficiency is lack of sleep This condition is said to affect 30 of the U S ...
Why Ground Reference?
P One of the weakest parts of flight instruction is the failure of the instructor to let the student know the #39;why #39; of some of the...
Who is in charge?
B Low time instructors have most of the #39;Who #39;s in Charge #39; kind of difficulty This is because they have not...
Opinion On Trim
Trimming the airplane is something that comes with practice Like many others have said here the best way to learn is to ...
Soft-field Takeoff
P Introduction BR The situation is a takeoff area of unlimited length but having a soft surface the nature of which would prevent acceleration ...
Weather Accidents
1 Ice accidents: One per year in California Indiana is worst with almost 2 a year 4 of the 5 California accidents occurred between...
Test After Failure
67 FAR 61 47 Re testing within 30 days after first failure BR I have given name additional type instruction and find him competent...
Start/Post Start
P Make several dry run engine starts on the tape recorder to develop the checklist Emphasize used of the left hand all the time holding the mike...
Category
Normal Category is a certification category This category has a maximum G loading of 3 8 G #39;s positive G #39;s 1 52...
Emergency Trim Use
If the elevator is locked as with a control lock the use of trim will be backwards Any use of the trim will be as an...
Wildflife Areas
P Throughout the U S the states and federal government have placed altitude restrictions on flight over many different classification of game areas Federal limits are...
Bits and Pieces
ul li Tolerance to lack of oxygen decreases proportionately with age BR li Patience...
Smoothness
Piloting skill is usually poorly defined unless the smoothness factor is included It is only by the smallest increments of control pressures that a skilled...
Passenger Boarding Information
Welcome aboard this non commercial flight in the vicinity of San Francisco We will be departing shortly and with any luck at all will...
Before Takeoff Check
Emergency procedures review BR Door belts smoke engine BR POH distances and performance BR Departure plan review BR Clearing BR...
Basic Maneuver Tolerances
Altitude U U 200 feet BR Heading U U 10 degrees BR Speed U ...
The Johnson Bar
One unlikely aircraft feature was derived from the steam engine The Johnson bar was used to control the amount of steam and hence the...
