Dehydration
P Human need for 2 4 quarts of water a day You become thirsty with a deficit of 1 5 quarts of body fluids or 2 of...Private Pilot Requirements
At least 17 read write and speak English 3rd class medical written test oral test flight test 61 103 BR Private...
Wind and Groundspeed
P Turning as low levels from a crosswind path to a downwind path can be hazardous It leads to the terrible downwind turn stall accident When...
Tight Grip VS Light Touch
P The left hand has only two useable digits while flying The forefinger is behind the yoke for back pressure and the thumb is for forward pressure...
Black Hole Landing
P When it is very dark you are subject to illusions Your seat position may make you more or less subject to these Aircraft seats are...
Systems Malfunction
Use of checklist BR Power loss BR Rough or hot engine BR Carburetor or induction icing BR No oil pressure BR ...
1996 Statistics
46000 accidents 25 involved drugs or alcohol 20 were caused by mechanical problems 27 had terrain as a factor 2 had weight ...
Knowing Know
He who knows not and knows not that he knows not is a fool shun him BR He who...
Midair Accidents In 10 Years 1983-94
236 incidents BR ul li 132 accidents with 56 fatality rate BR li 3 air to air contacts per...
Keeping Anger in its Place
P What turns a student the wrong direction can be the sudden onset of a series of failures The myriad of emotional reactions; anxiety panic ...
Side Notes
1 The Law of Firsts Haviland #39;s quot;The first time you do you shouldn #39;t have The first time you don #39;t...
Eights
P Eights combine the skills acquired from doing left and right turns about a point and S turns First find a with one leg giving ...
What's New
With so much history in the past I would like to take you into the future: BR I am most proud of my...
VFR to IFR Options
P What to do If you #39;re on top do the four C #39;s Climb communicate confess comply If fuel and weather...
Advice to instructors
P Go down to lost and found and get your memory every time you have a senior moment P P As a...
Preparation
The success of the instructional program is directly related to the willingness of the student to study and prepare It takes a minimum of two hours of study for every...
Slow Flight
No maneuvers below 1500í BR 1 2 Vs1 at 10 and 5 knots BR Altitude within 100í and airspeed within 10 and ...
Post-start
Flap setting BR Trim setting BR Mixture leaning BR Radios BR ATIS BR Engine Instruments ...
Medical Certification
P You do not need a medical certificate until you fly by yourself It is suggested that you get your medical before you go to any major...
Passenger Boarding Information
Welcome aboard this non commercial flight in the vicinity of San Francisco We will be departing shortly and with any luck at all will...
Introduction To The Radio
I introduce the ATIS frequency 124 7 the alphabetical sequencing order of information during the day and how to use this information ...
Holding Headings
A pilot not a student is expected to hold a heading The PTS allows a 10 degree or 20 degree range It...
Landings on Final
Over the fence Vref U U 5 knots or 1 2 Vso No exact POH figures BR B Soft field Approach...
Calming Flying Anxiety
P Anxiety is generalized fear Your body prepares you to run fight or act to protect yourself Your heart and blood pressure rise blood...
Statistics on Fuel/electric related accidents
ol P li Experience level of the pilot does not seem to matter in fuel related accidents BR li 86...
Category
Normal Category is a certification category This category has a maximum G loading of 3 8 G #39;s positive G #39;s 1 52...
Shirt Tails
There has been a long tradition in aviation related to cutting off the shirt tails of newly soloed student pilots One story has it that the practice ...
Soft-field Takeoff
P Introduction BR The situation is a takeoff area of unlimited length but having a soft surface the nature of which would prevent acceleration ...
Pre-takeoff Considerations
P B 1 Gross Weight and Center of Gravity B BR Gross weight is the empty weight plus useful load You must check...
Sequence of Decision for Airworthiness
Is it required by FAR 91 2095 or 91 213 d 2 ii BR I If not I Is it required...
Pilot Error 50 Years Ago
P In December of 1947 an Air Force study released the following analysis of pilot errors that precipitate accidents There is no reason to think things have...
Student Logbook Requirements
Student solo license endorsements for each type aircraft BR Student solo cross country license endorsement BR Logbook signoff for ground instruction BR Pre solo aeronautical...
FAR 61.43 Flight Tests
a Perform pilot operations BR 1 Executing maneuvers within performance capability and limitations including use of the aircraft #39;s systems BR ...
Instructional Safety
When teaching the safest possible flight operations you can show a student how poor decisions doing the same maneuvers could be proportionately more dangerous ...
S-Turns
P The two downwind and two upwind turns of the S turn combine the four quadrants of the left and right turns about a point The technique...
Wire Strikes
li 1 accident in 20 is a wire strike BR li A wire strike will occur below 200 #39; AGL in VFR BR...
Military Operational Areas (MOA)
P ATC may fly IFR flights through if radar separation possible Because of military aerobatics VFR flight requires caution No clearance required but contact controlling agency...
Preflight & Cockpit Management
Inspects using checklist BR Passenger briefing on belts and emergency procedures from checklist on how to: BR ul li Tighten belts BR ...
A Need to communicate
P What is the only question an instructor can never answer It is the unasked question Many concerns are unspoken The unspoken fear of every...
Safe Operation
Use of tow bar BR Why recommended procedures BR Post flight inspection ...
Pilot/Owner Maintenance
P Keeping an aircraft clean greatly improves both its appearance and its performance When you clean an aircraft you learn a great deal about its construction and...
Instructional sequence
P By the second flight the student should have previewed the aircraft manual The manual checklist material must be completely incorporated into that of the student ...
Descending Mechanical Failure Frequency
1 Clogged fuel system BR 2 Throttle mixture control BR 3 Oil line BR 4 Clogged...
Determining Performance and Limitations
P I REFERENCES: AC 61 21 AC 61 23 AC 61 84 Airplane Handbook and Flight Manual I P ...
1995 Statistics
Most flying decisions are easy if the decision is based upon safety Being safe does not mean without risk Engine operations are safe...
Test After Failure
67 FAR 61 47 Re testing within 30 days after first failure BR I have given name additional type instruction and find him competent...
Radio Communications at an Uncontrolled Airport
Start listening well away from the airport Overfly above pattern altitude if you are uncertain of pattern or procedures Adhere to AIM recommended procedures Doing otherwise...
Crosswind Takeoff
P The crosswind takeoff requires some timing skills that are not present in other landings On full power application the yoke is held full over into the...
The Practical Test
Determines if applicant has had required instruction BR Determines if applicant can safely perform required tasks BR BR The practical test is a two...
Training Attitudes
A casual approach to flying can be hazardous Flying requires considerable planning and rethinking of the options as the flight progresses The midset...